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Classification of magnetic materials

Classification of magnetic materials

2021-10-11

Magnetic materials are mainly divided into hard magnetic and soft magnetic.


Hard magnetic material: is a material that can still have magnetism after the magnetization field is removed; soft magnetic material is a material that has a high magnetic induction intensity when the magnetization field is present, and loses its magnetism when the magnetization field is removed. The hard and soft here do not refer to the hard and soft in mechanical properties, but the hard and soft in magnetic properties. Hard magnetic means that the magnetic material can retain its strong magnetism (referred to as magnetism) for a long time after being magnetized by an external magnetic field, and it is characterized by high coercivity. Coercive force is the magnetic field strength that reduces the residual magnetism (residual magnetic flux density or residual magnetization) to zero after the magnetic material is magnetized and then demagnetized. The soft magnetic material is a magnetic material that is easy to magnetize and demagnetize by applying a magnetic field, that is, a magnetic material with very low coercivity. Demagnetization means that after applying a magnetic field (called a magnetization field) to magnetize a magnetic material, a magnetic field that is opposite to the direction of the magnetization field is added to reduce the magnetic field.


Soft magnetic materials: Soft magnetic materials can be roughly divided into four categories.


① Alloy thin strip or sheet: FeNi(Mo), FeSi, FeAl, etc.


②Amorphous alloy ribbon: Fe-based, Co-based, FeNi-based or FeNiCo-based, etc., with appropriate Si, B, P and other doping elements, also known as magnetic glass.


③Magnetic medium (iron powder core): FeNi(Mo), FeSiAl, carbonyl iron, ferrite and other powder materials, which are coated and bonded by an electrical insulating medium, and then pressed into shape as required.


④Ferrite: including spinel type──MO·Fe2O3 (M stands for NiZn, MnZn, MgZn, Li1/2Fe1/2Zn, CaZn, etc.), magnetoplumbite type─Ba3Me2Fe24O41 (Me stands for Co, Ni, Mg, Zn, etc.) , Cu and its composite components).


Soft magnetic materials are widely used, mainly for high-frequency acceleration of magnetic antennas, inductors, transformers, magnetic heads, earphones, relays, vibrators, TV deflection yokes, cables, delay lines, sensors, microwave absorbing materials, electromagnets, and accelerators Cavity, magnetic field probe, magnetic substrate, magnetic field shielding, high-frequency quenching energy accumulation, electromagnetic chuck, magnetic sensitive element (such as magnetocaloric material as switch), etc.


In summary, our magnetic ring products mainly use amorphous and nanocrystalline iron-based tapes for soft magnetic tapes.

soft magnetic materials

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