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Nanomaterials application content

Nanomaterials application content

2021-09-14

1. Nano sensor

Ceramics such as nano-zirconia, nickel oxide, and titanium dioxide are very sensitive to temperature changes, infrared rays and automobile exhaust. Therefore, they can be used to make temperature sensors, infrared detectors and automobile exhaust gas detectors, and the detection sensitivity is much higher than that of ordinary ceramic sensors of the same kind.


2. Natural nano materials

Sea turtles lay their eggs on the coast of Florida, USA, but young sea turtles after birth have to swim to the waters near the United Kingdom in order to survive and grow up in order to find food. After Z, the grown up turtles will return to the beaches of Florida to lay their eggs. It takes about 5-6 years to go back and forth like this. Why can sea turtles travel tens of thousands of kilometers? They rely on nano-magnetic materials in their heads to navigate them accurately.

When biologists are studying why doves, dolphins, butterflies, bees and other creatures have never lost their way, they have also discovered that nanomaterials also exist in these organisms to navigate them.


3. Nano ceramic materials

In traditional ceramic materials, the crystal grains are not easy to slide, the material is brittle, and the sintering temperature is high. The grain size of nano-ceramics is small, and the grains are easy to move on other grains. Therefore, nano-ceramic materials have extremely high strength, high toughness and good ductility. These characteristics enable nano-ceramic materials to be used at room temperature or sub-high temperature. Perform cold work. If the nano-ceramic particles are processed and shaped at sub-high temperature, and then surface annealed, nano-materials can be made into a kind of surface that maintains the hardness and chemical stability of conventional ceramic materials, while the interior still has the ductility of nano-materials. ceramics.


4. Nano magnetic materials

Most of the nanomaterials used in practice are artificially manufactured. Nano-magnetic materials have very special magnetic properties. Nano-particles are small in size, have a single magnetic domain structure and high coercivity. The magnetic recording materials made with it not only have good sound quality, image and signal-to-noise ratio, but also record The density is dozens of times higher than that of γ-Fe2O3. Superparamagnetic strong magnetic nanoparticles can also be made into magnetic liquids, which can be used in electroacoustic devices, damping devices, rotary seals, lubrication, and mineral processing.


5. Nano semiconductor materials

Semiconductor materials such as silicon and gallium arsenide are made into nanomaterials, which have many excellent properties. For example, the quantum tunneling effect in nano-semiconductors makes the electron transport of some semiconductor materials abnormal, and the electrical conductivity decreases, and the electrical thermal conductivity also decreases with the decrease of the particle size, and even shows a negative value. These characteristics play an important role in large-scale integrated circuit devices, optoelectronic devices and other fields.


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