The development history of amorphous alloy and application

Amorphous alloy is a super rapid cooling solidification, alloy solidification orderly arrangement when atoms too late, get solid alloys is long-range disorder structure, no grain, grain boundary amorphous alloy. This kind of amorphous alloy has many unique properties, because of its excellent performance, simple process, starting in the 80 s become the research and development of material science at home and abroad. Iron-based amorphous alloy is by 20% 80% Fe and Si, B type of metal elements, it has a high saturation magnetic induction intensity ( 1. 54 t) , permeability, excitation current and the iron loss and so on various aspects were superior to the characteristics of the silicon steel sheet. Especially the low iron loss ( A third for the orientation of the silicon steel sheet - 1/5) Instead of distribution transformer silicon steel for energy saving of 60-70%. Iron-based amorphous alloy strip thickness of 0. Around 3 mm, which are widely used in power distribution transformer, high-power switching power supply, pulse transformer, magnetic amplifier, intermediate frequency transformer and core inverter, suitable for use under 10 KHZ frequency. Due to rapid cooling solidification, alloy solidification orderly arrangement when atoms too late, get solid alloys is long-range disorder structure, no grain, grain boundary amorphous alloy, called amorphous alloy, referred to as a revolution in metallurgical materials. This kind of amorphous alloy has many unique properties, such as excellent magnetic, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, high strength, hardness and toughness, high resistivity and electromechanical coupling properties, etc. Because of its excellent performance, simple process, starting in the 80 s as the research and development of material science at home and abroad. In the past thousands of years, metals or alloys are used by humans and amorphous structure of the material, its atoms within the three dimensional space orderly arrangement, forming periodic lattice structure. The amorphous metal or alloy is refers to the material from the liquid ( Or gas) Rapid cooling, due to no crystallization at room temperature or low temperature liquid atoms arranged condensed state, the atom no longer arrange orderly growth path, periodic and rules, but from a state of long-range disordered arrangement. Has a ferromagnetic amorphous alloy of gold is also called the ferromagnetic metal or magnetic glass ( 玻璃合金) , for the sake of convenience, all of the following are referred to as the amorphous alloy. In 1960 the American professor Duwez invented by rapid quenching process of preparation of amorphous alloy. Meanwhile, the development of amorphous soft magnetic alloy generally experienced two stages: the first stage since 1967, until 1988. In 1984 the United States four transformer manufacturer in IEEE conference on display practical amdt marks the culmination of the first stage, by 1989, AlliedSignal companies in the United States has yearly produces 60000 tons of amorphous strip production capacity, there are around 1 million units worldwide amorphous distribution transformer is put into operation, iron-based amorphous strips used in almost all come from the company. Since 1988, the second stage of development of amorphous materials. This stage of the landmark event is the invention of the iron-based nanocrystalline alloy. In 1988 Japan's Hitachi metals Yashiwa et al. , on the basis of amorphous alloy by crystallization processing developed nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloy ( Finemet) 。 In 1988, Hitachi metals nanocrystalline alloy has realized industrialization, and have a product to market. Germany 1992 VAC company launching replace cobalt-based amorphous alloy nanocrystalline alloy, especially in the network interface devices, such as ISDN, a large number of made interface nanocrystalline core transformer and digital filter. In the amorphous alloys have a preliminary understanding, we look at some of the amorphous alloy is a very promising field of application - — Amorphous transformer. Amorphous alloy iron core transformer is to use new magnetic materials - — Made of iron core transformer, amorphous alloy than the silicon steel sheet iron core transformer no-load loss ( Refers to the transformer secondary open-circuit, the primary measure of power loss) Fell by around 75%, no-load current ( Transformer secondary open-circuit, primary still has certain current, this part of the current called the no-load current) Fell about 80%, energy saving effect is the ideal distribution transformer, especially suitable for rural power grids and developing regions such as load rate is low. Beginning in 2006, significantly increase in amorphous silicon steel price even lower than silicon steel; At the same time, its energy saving effect are closely watched by's emphasis on energy issues. Amorphous strip with lower loss rate, when used in new type distribution transformer, can have very good to reduce power consumption, as the development of Chinese market to speed up to amorphous distribution transformer, amorphous strip market is growing. It is different from traditional silicon steel sheet, amorphous alloy after stamping is fragile, difficult to form a laminated. So in actual application, amorphous alloy often exists in the form of winding process. In recent years, the use of amorphous soft magnetic material of the motor, more and more, its low iron loss of energy saving is wide attention by the academic circle.
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